حرب التلاتين سنه

حرب التلاتين سنه
style="padding-right:1em" قالب:! النتيجه قالب:! Peace of Westphalia Habsburg supremacy curtailed; Rise of the سلالة البوربون; Rise of the امراطورية السويد; Decentralization of the Holy Roman Empire; Franco-Spanish War until 1659; Substantial decline in the power and influence of the Catholic Church; قالب:!-

قالب:!colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 90%; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa; line-height: 1.5em;" قالب:!
Les Grandes Misères de la guerre (The Great Miseries of War)بريشة چاك كالوت, 1632. قالب:!-

حرب التلاتين سنه من سنة 1618 لسنة 1648 حصلت فى المنطقه اللى دلوقتى تبقا المانيا لكن فى أوقات مختلفه شملت معظم بلاد أوروبا و كانت واحده من أكتر الصراعات المدمرة فى تاريخ اوروبا . أصل النزاع و أهداف المشاركين كانت معقده ، و مش ممكن وصف سبب واحد إنه السبب الرئيسى للحرب. فى البداية ، كان سبب الحرب لحد كبير الصراع الدينى بين البروتستانت و الكاتوليك فى الإمبراطورية الرومانية المقدسة.

مصادر [تعديل]

↑ George Ripley, Charles Anderson Dana, The American Cyclopaedia, New York, 1874, p. 250, "...the standard of France was white, sprinkled with golden fleur de lis...". *[1] The original Banner of France was strewn with fleurs-de-lis. *[2]:on the reverse of this plate it says: "Le pavillon royal était véritablement le drapeau national au dix-huitième siecle...Vue du chateau d'arrière d'un vaisseau de guerre de haut rang portant le pavillon royal (blanc, avec les armes de France)." "Flag". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). 1911. http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Flag.: "The oriflamme and the Chape de St Martin were succeeded at the end of the 16th century, when Henry III., the last of the house of Valois, came to the throne, by the white standard powdered with fleurs-de-lis. This in turn gave place to the famous tricolour." France entered the war in 1635.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 1625-1629. Aligned with the Catholic Powers 1643-1645.
↑ At war with Spain 1625-30 (and France 1627-29).
↑ Scores Hungarians was fall into line with army of Gabriel Bethlen in 1620. Ágnes Várkonyi: Age of the Reforms, Magyar Könyvklub publisher, 1999. ISBN 963-547-070-3
↑ "Flag". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). 1911. http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Flag.: "The Austrian imperial standard has, on a yellow ground, the black double-headed eagle, on the breast and wings of which are imposed shields bearing the arms of the provinces of the empire. The flag is bordered all round, the border being composed of equal-sided triangles with their apices alternately inwards and outwards, those with their apices pointing inwards being alternately yellow and white, the others alternately scarlet and black ." Also, Whitney Smith, Flags through the ages and across the world, McGraw-Hill, England, 1975 ISBN 0-07-059093-1, pp.114 - 119, "The imperial banner was a golden yellow cloth...bearing a black eagle...The double-headed eagle was finally established by Sigismund as regent...".
↑ Gabriel Bethlen's army numbered 5,000 Hungarian pikeman and 1,000 German mercenary, with the anti-Habsburg Hungarian rebels numbered together approx. 35,000 men. László Markó: The Great Honors of the Hungarian State (A Magyar Állam Főméltóságai), Magyar Könyvklub 2000. ISBN 963-547-085-1
↑ László Markó: The Great Honors of the Hungarian State (A Magyar Állam Főméltóságai), Magyar Könyvklub 2000. ISBN 963-547-085-1
↑ Norman Davies, Europe, p.568

[1] George Ripley, Charles Anderson Dana, The American Cyclopaedia, New York, 1874, p. 250, "...the standard of France was white, sprinkled with golden fleur de lis...". *[1] The original Banner of France was strewn with fleurs-de-lis. *[2]:on the reverse of this plate it says: "Le pavillon royal était véritablement le drapeau national au dix-huitième siecle...Vue du chateau d'arrière d'un vaisseau de guerre de haut rang portant le pavillon royal (blanc, avec les armes de France)." "Flag". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). 1911. http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Flag.: "The oriflamme and the Chape de St Martin were succeeded at the end of the 16th century, when Henry III., the last of the house of Valois, came to the throne, by the white standard powdered with fleurs-de-lis. This in turn gave place to the famous tricolour." France entered the war in 1635.

[DN-1625-1629-2] 2.0 ^2.1 1625-1629. Aligned with the Catholic Powers 1643-1645.

[3] At war with Spain 1625-30 (and France 1627-29).

[4] Scores Hungarians was fall into line with army of Gabriel Bethlen in 1620. Ágnes Várkonyi: Age of the Reforms, Magyar Könyvklub publisher, 1999. ISBN 963-547-070-3

[5] "Flag". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). 1911. http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Flag.: "The Austrian imperial standard has, on a yellow ground, the black double-headed eagle, on the breast and wings of which are imposed shields bearing the arms of the provinces of the empire. The flag is bordered all round, the border being composed of equal-sided triangles with their apices alternately inwards and outwards, those with their apices pointing inwards being alternately yellow and white, the others alternately scarlet and black ." Also, Whitney Smith, Flags through the ages and across the world, McGraw-Hill, England, 1975 ISBN 0-07-059093-1, pp.114 - 119, "The imperial banner was a golden yellow cloth...bearing a black eagle...The double-headed eagle was finally established by Sigismund as regent...".

[6] Gabriel Bethlen's army numbered 5,000 Hungarian pikeman and 1,000 German mercenary, with the anti-Habsburg Hungarian rebels numbered together approx. 35,000 men. László Markó: The Great Honors of the Hungarian State (A Magyar Állam Főméltóságai), Magyar Könyvklub 2000. ISBN 963-547-085-1

[7] László Markó: The Great Honors of the Hungarian State (A Magyar Állam Főméltóságai), Magyar Könyvklub 2000. ISBN 963-547-085-1

[8] Norman Davies, Europe, p.568

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حرب التلاتين سنه

مصادر [تعديل]

قائمة التصفح

ادوات شخصيه

المتغيرات

النطاقات

تدوير

أعمال

مناظر

استكشاف

تواصل

علبة العده

بلغات تانيه