ابو الامه

من ويكيبيديا، الموسوعه الحره
 ابو الامه
تعديل طالع توثيق القالب

بطلق على الأشخاص التاليه أسماؤهم لقب "أب" لشعوبهم

اللسته[تعديل]

الاسم الدوله الاسم المحلى اللقب ملحوظات
احمد شاه الدرانى افغانستان باديشاه Ahmad Shah the Father[1][2][3] Founder of the Afghan Durrani Empire.
اسكندر بك البانيا Ati i Kombit ابو الامه Led a two decade long rebellion against the Ottoman Empire
فير بيرد انتيجا و باربودا ابو الامه First prime minister of Antigua and Barbuda.
خوسيه دى سان مارتين ارجنتين Padre de la Patria /
Fundador de la República y Protector del Perú[4] 		Father of the Fatherland /
Founder of the Republic and Protector of Peru 		Primary leader of the southern part of South America's successful struggle for independence from Spain (1778–1850).
هايك (Հայկ) ارمينيا Nahapet (Նահապետ) رأس العيله
البطريرك 		Legendary founder of the Armenian nation.
هنرى باركس اوستراليا Father of Federation Gave the Tenterfield Oration, which is believed to be pivotal in the process of federating the Australian colonies.
ليندن بيندلينج باهاماس ابو الامه Leader at independence in 1973.[5]
مجيب الرحمن بانجلاديش Jatir Janak (জাতির জনক)
Bangabandhu (বঙ্গবন্ধু) 		ابو الامه
صديق البنغال 		مؤسس بانجلاديش.
ايرول بارو باربيدوس ابو الاستقلال The 3rd and last premier of Barbados (1961–1966) who lead Barbados to independence from the British Empire in 1966. He became the first prime minister and served three terms (1966–76, 1986–87) dying in office during his third.
جورج كادلى برايس بليز ابو الامه Former Chief Minister, Premier and two-term Prime Minister before retiring in 1997.[6][7]
يوجين وانجشوك بوتان First king of modern Bhutan.
سيمون بوليفار بوليفيا
كولومبيا
اكوادور
بنما
بيرو
ڤينيزويلا 		Libertador المحرر Primary leader of South America's successful struggle for independence from Spain.
سيريتسى خاما بوتسوانا ابو الاستقلال Leader of the independence movement and first President of Botswana. Creator of democracy in Botswana
بيدرو الاول امبراطور البرازيل, ماريا ليوبولدينا النمساوية و جوزيه بونيفاسيو دى اندرادا البرازيل Pai da Nação e Patriarca da Independência Father of the Nation and Patriarch of Independence Founder and the first Emperor of Brazil (1822). Maria Leopoldina was the first Empress of Brazil. Bonifácio was the advisor of Pedro I.
عمر على سيف الدين التالت بروناى Architect of Modern Brunei Builder of the Modern Nation and Father of Independence 28th Sultan of Brunei and First Minister of Defence (1914–1986).
اسباروخ بلغاريا Kanasubigi (Кан) Founder and first ruler of the First Bulgarian Empire.
نورودوم سيهانوك كامبوديا សម្តេចឪ (Sâmdéch Âu) الملك الاب Secured independence from France.
جون ماكدونالد و أخرين (اباء الكونفدراليه) كندا ابو الكونفدراليه Father of Confederation
برناردو اوهيجينز تشيلى Padre de la patria والد الوطن Principal leader of Chile's successful struggle for independence from Spain.
سون يات سين تايوان ابو الامه Sun played an instrumental role in the overthrow of the Qing dynasty during the Xinhai Revolution. The Nationalist government decreed the title in 1940.[8] Sun is more widely known in the People's Republic of China as the "Forerunner of the Revolution".[9]
خوسيه ماريا كاسترو مادريز كوستا ريكا مؤسس الجمهوريه ابو الامه First President of the Republic of Costa Rica.[10]
انتى ستارسيفيتش كرواتيا Otac domovine ابو الوطن His diverse activities and works laid the foundations for the modern Croatian state.[11]
كارلوس مانويل د سيسپيديس كوبا Padre de la Patria Father of the Fatherland[12] Leader of the first Cuban independence movement which fought the Ten Years' War.
مكاريوس التالت قبرص Εθνάρχης زعيم الامه First and longest President of Cyprus.
كارل الرابع التشيك Otec vlasti ابو الوطن King of Bohemia. Title coined by the rector of the Charles University of Prague at the emperor's funeral.[13]
فرانتيسيك پالاكى Otec národa ابو الامه Politician and historian.[13] Whereas vlast "homeland" included all inhabitants, národ "nation" comprised only Czech people.[14]

توماس ماساريك

Tatíček /
President Osvoboditel 		Father of the Fatherland / President Liberator First President of Czechoslovakia and proponent of Czechoslovakism.[13][15]
سلوفاكيا
خوان بابلو دوارتى جمهورية الدومينيكان Padre de la patria والد الوطن Defeated Haiti during war of independence.
اليا شافشافادزه جورجيا უგვირგვინო მეფე / ერის მამა الملك الغير متوج / ابو الامه
اعضاء البرلمان الالمانى المانيا Väter und Mütter des Grundgesetzes Fathers and mothers of the Basic Law Drafted the Basic Law, the constitution of (then West) Germany
كوامى نكروما جانا Osagyefo ابو الامه First president and prime minister of Ghana, the first country in Sub-Saharan Africa to achieve full independence.
الاسكندر الاكبر اليونان Πατέρας των Ελλήνων ابو اليونان Founder of the Macedonian Empire responsible for spreading Greek culture during the Hellenistic period.
شيدى جاجان جويانا ابو الامه President of Guyana from 1992 to 1997.
جان جاك ديسالين هاييتى Père de la patrie والد الوطن Primary leader of Haiti's successful struggle for independence from France.
ديونيسيو دى هيريرا هوندوراس First Head of State of Honduras within the Federal Republic of Central America
ارباد المجر Honalapító ابو الوطن Second Grand Prince of the Hungarians, leader of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian basin.
مهاتما جاندى الهند राष्ट्रपिता (Father of the Nation) "Bapuji" (Father) Father of the Nation;[16] Leader of the Indian independence movement from British Raj Article 18 of the Indian Constitution prohibits conferring titles other than military and academic distinctions by the State.
احمد سوكارنو اندونيسيا Bapak Bangsa/Pemimpin Besar Revolusi Indonesia/Proklamator Father of the Nation/Great Leader of Indonesian Revolution/The Proclamator First President of Indonesia.
كورش الكبير ايران (فارس) الشاهنشا ملك الملوك The founder of the first Persian Empire
كاميلو بنسو
جوزيبى جاريبالدى
جوزيبى مازينى
فيتوريو امانويلى التانى 		ايطاليا Padre della Patria والد الوطن Authors of Italian unification[17][18][19]
الامبراطور جينمو اليابان 神武天皇 (Jinmu Ten-noh) اول امبراطور لليابان
اليخان بوكيخانوڤ كازاخستان Prime Minister of the Alash Autonomy Leader and founder of the Alash Orda national liberation movement.
جومو كينياتا كينيا Baba wa Taifa ابو الامه/بطل الحريه First President of Kenya from 1963 to his death in 1978 who helped create the Kenyan Constitution.
ابراهيم روجوفا  كوسوفو Babai i Kombit ابو الامه First president of the First Republic of Kosovo. President of Serbian Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metochia under UN after Kosovo war.
چوناس باساناڤيسيوس ليتوانيا Tautos patriarchas بطريرك الامه Various cultural activities during the Lithuanian National Revival.[20]
كرستى ميسيركوف مقدونيا الشماليه Татко на нацијата ابو الامه Prominent linguist, writer and activist.
تونكو عبد الرحمن ماليزيا Bapa Kemerdekaan

Bapa Malaysia

ابو الاستقلال

والد ماليزيا

The first Prime Minister of Malaysia. A prince from the Kedah Sultanate, the Cambridge-educated Tunku led the negotiated independence of Federation of Malaya from the British Empire in 1957. Later formed Malaysia through the union of Peninsular Malaya, Singapore, North Borneo and Sarawak in 1963.
محمد فريد ديدى المالديف Founder of modern Maldives and last sultan of Maldives.
دوم منتوف مالطا Missier Malta Hielsa ابو مالطا الحره A Maltese statesman and leading politician. He twice served as Prime Minister of Malta (from 1955 to 1958, and from 1974 to 1984) as the Leader of the Labour Party, a position he held from 1949 to 1984. In 1974, with him as Prime Minister, Malta negotiated a series of constitutional reforms leading to the establishment of the Maltese Republic and the removal of the British monarch as head of state. In 1979, the last Royal Navy ships left Malta, marking the country's transformation into a fully independent nation. Mintoff is also credited with the establishment of the Maltese welfare state and the socialist-style nationalisation and collectivisation of various key industries.
Sir سيووساجور رامجولام موريشيوس ابو الامه [21] First post-independence Prime Minister, in 1968.
ميجيل ايدالجو اى كوستيا المكسيك Padre de la patria mexicana[22] Father of the Mexican Nation[23] First revolutionary leader in the Mexican War of Independence.
جنكيزخان مونجوليا Монголчуудын эцэг Father of the Mongols, Founding Father of Mongolia[24] After unifying the many nomadic tribes of northeastern Asian steppe peoples, Genghis Khan founded the Mongol Empire and became the first Great Khan and Emperor. He eventually led a conquest of the majority of Eurasia, and his unified homeland would become Mongolia.
اون سان ميانمار ابو الامه, ابو الاستقلال 5th Prime Minister of Burma in British Era from 1946 to 1947 Assassinated on 19 July 1947, before the independence of Burma.
سام نوجوما ناميبيا Founding Father of the Namibian Nation First President of Namibia, 1990–2005; title conferred by Act of Parliament in 2005.[25]
براتى نارايان شاه نيبال श्री ५ बडामहाराजधिराज पृथ्वी नारायण शाह ابو الامه King of Nepal during the Unification of Nepal.
ويليام الصامت نيدرلاند Vader des Vaderlands والد الوطن Leader of the successful Dutch Revolt against Spain, which led to the Dutch Republic, the first independent Dutch state.[26]
Diriangén[27] Nicaragua Padre de la Patria Nicaragüense والد الوطن النيكراجوجى Native Nicaraguan tribal leader
نامدى ازيكيوى نيجيريا ابو الامه النيجيريه First president of Nigeria when it became a republic on October 1, 1963, and was the last governor general of Nigeria.
اينار جارهاردسن النرويج Landsfaderen ابو الامه First post–World War II prime minister of Norway.[28]
محمد على جناح باكستان Quaid-e-Azam & Baba-e-Quam[29][30] Father of the Nation/Great Leader Founder of Pakistan, leader of the Muslim League and first Governor-General of Pakistan.
مايكل سومارى بابوا نيو جينيا Papa Blo Kantri[31] ابو الامه Leader at independence in 1975; also known as "the chief" and "the old man".[32]
اميليو اجينالدو الفلبين Kauna-unahang Pangulo ng Pilipinas First President of the Philippines Military Leader of the Philippine Revolution and the First President of the Philippines through the 1899 Malolos Congress, which oversaw the promulgation of the Malolos Constitution. His birthday, March 22, 1869, is celebrated as Emilio Aguinaldo Day.
اندريس بونيفاسيو Amá ng Himagsikan ابو الثوره Political Leader of the Philippine Revolution, which saw armed resistance against the Spanish Empire. His birthday, November 30, 1863, is a national holiday.
خوسيه ريزال Pambansáng Bayani بطل قومى Colloquially known as the "National Hero". Rizal's works and writings–which helped start the Philippine Revolution–are part of the national curriculum as mandated by Republic Act No. 1425. The anniversary of his December 30, 1896 execution by the Spanish colonial government is a national holiday.[33]
افونسو الاول ملك البرتجال البرتغال Fundador da Nação Father of the Nation
a.k.a. The Conqueror 		Founder and 1st. King of Portugal (1139), recognized by the Holy See in 1179.
بطرس الاول روسيا Отец Отечества (Otets Otechestva) اب الوطن Was granted the title in 1721 by the Governing Senate, along with "Emperor of Russia" and "The Great".[34]
الوالى مصطفى السيد الجمهوريه العربيه الصحراويه الديمقراطيه ابو الامه Leader of the Polisario Front, First President of the SADR. Fought against Spanish colonial army & against the invasion of the Moroccan & Mauritanian armies.
جون كومبتون سانت لوسيا Father of the Nation Prime Minister at independence in 1979. Also known as "Daddy Compton".[35]
القديس مارينوس سان مارينو Founder of a chapel and monastery in central Italy, in 301 (traditional date: September 3). From this initial community the state of San Marino later grew.[36]
عبد العزيز ال سعود المملكه العربيه السعوديه والد الامه / المؤسس ابو الامه/ المؤسس Unified the tribes of the Arabian Peninsula and established the modern Saudi state. He descended from the noble House of Saud, the dynasty which had ruled most of Arabia in the 18th century. His son King Salman is the current head of state of Saudi Arabia. Five other older sons – Saud, Faisal, Khalid, Fahd and Abdullah – served as former heads of state.
دوبريكا كوسيك صيربيا و مونتنيجرو Отац нације[37][38] Father of the Nation Yugoslav Serbian politician, writer, and political theorist.
دونالد ديوار سكوتلاند ابو الامه First First Minister of Scotland following the reconvening of the Scottish Parliament in 1999.[39]
سانت سابا صيربيا Отац отаџбине[40] اب الوطن Founder of the Serbian Orthodox Church.
كاراجورجى و ميلوش اوبرينوفيتش الاول Отац нације[41][42] اباء الامه Leaders of the First and Second Serbian Uprising during the Serbian Revolution.
لى كوان يو سينجابوره Father of Singapore First Prime Minister of the Republic of Singapore, governing for over 30 years. Leading figure throughout Singapore's time as a part of Malaysia and its later independence.
ميلان راستيسلاف ستيفانيك سلوفاكيا ابو الامه Politician, diplomat, aviator, astronomer, and one of the leading members of the Czechoslovak National Council. He contributed decisively to the cause of Czechoslovakian sovereignty. In 2019, Štefánik was selected as the "Greatest Slovak". The Milan Rastislav Štefánik Merit Act passed the parliament in the year 2000.[43][44]
پريموز تروبار سلوفينيا Oče naroda ابو الامه A consolidator of Slovene and the author of the first Slovene printed book.
محمد بن عبد الله بن حسن الصومال اب الوطن The emir of Dervish and Diiriye Guure.[45]
كيم كوو كوريا الجنوبيه ابو الامه
نيلسون مانديلا جنوب افريقيا Tata wethu Father of the Nation First President of post-apartheid South Africa.[46]
الملوك الكاتوليك اسبانيا Reyes Católicos de los reinos de Castilla y Aragón Catholic Monarchs of the Kingdoms of Castille and Aragon The unifiers of Spain. They unified the territories of Castille, Aragon and Al-Andalus, all the territories of the Iberian Peninsula, except Portugal. During their reign America was discovered and started the Spanish Empire.
ستيفان سيناناياكى سريلانكا ජාතියේ පියා (Jathiyay Piya) ابو الامه First Prime Minister, from 1947 to 1952.[47]
يوهان فيريى سورينام Vader des Vaderlands ابو الامه First president after the independence of the country in 1975 (the term Vader des Vaderlands has its roots in the Netherlands).
جوستاف الاول السويد Landsfader ابو الامه Broke Sweden from Danish rule under Christian II.
بير البين هانسون Landsfader ابو الامه Prime Minister 1932–1946 and founder of The People's Home.
جوليوس نيريرى تنزانيا Baba wa Taifa ابو الامه First President of Tanzania.[48]
Henry Alcazar, Victor Bryan, Tubal Uriah Butler, Rudranath Capildeo, Simbhoonath Capildeo, Arthur Andrew Cipriani, Albert Gomes, Solomon Hochoy, A. P. T. James, Audrey Jeffers, Ranjit Kumar, Emmanuel Mzumbo Lazare, Chanka Maharaj, Bhadase Sagan Maraj, Quintin O'Connor, Michael Pocock, Adrian Cola Rienzi (Krishna Deonarine), Alfred Richards, Harold Robinson, Timothy Roodal, Lionel Seukeran, Ashford Sinanan, Mitra Sinanan, Sarran Teelucksingh, Louis de Verteuil, Gerald Wight, Eric Williams, Hugh Wooding[49] ترينيداد و توباجو Moulders of the Nation[49] They helped shape the country's future as an independent nation and laid the foundation of democracy.[49]
اريك وليامز ابو الامه First and three-term Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago from 1956 to his death in 1981, first Premier of Trinidad and Tobago from 1961 to 1966, second Chief Minister of Trinidad and Tobago from 1956 to 1961, founder of the People's National Movement (PNM) and was instrumental in writing the Trinidad and Tobago constitution and gaining the country independence and republicanism from British rule.[50][51]
الحبيب بورقيبه تونس المجاهد الاكبر The Supreme Warrior Father of the independence of Tunisia and first President of Tunisia. He led the Tunisian national movement against France. After independence, he founded a modern state, built schools and hospitals and gave the Tunisian women rights that are still unique in the Arab World today.
مصطفى كمال اتاتورك تركيا اتاتورك Father of the Turks (always used as a last name and not a title proper) Founder of the Republic of Turkey and first President of Turkey. He led the Turkish national movement in the Turkish War of Independence, and enacted the reforms that made Turkey a democratic nation-state. Granted in accordance with the 1934 Surname Law establishing surnames in Turkey.[52]
بوهدان خميلينتسكى اوكرانيا ابو الامه
زايد بن سلطان آل نهيان الامارات والد الأمة ابو الامه President of the UAE for its first 33 years (1971–2004).[53][54]
جورج واشينطون, توماس جيفيرسون, جيمس ماديسون, جون جاى, الكسندر هاميلتون, بينچامين فرانكلين and other Signers and Framers الولايات المتحده الآباء المؤسسين للولايات المتحده[55][56] The Signers signed the Declaration of Independence in 1776. The Framers were delegates to the Constitutional Convention and took part in framing or drafting the proposed United States Constitution.
جورج واشينطون الاب المؤسس للولايات المتحده Father of his country[57][58] George Washington is particularly highlighted out of the Founding Fathers of the United States as being the "father of his country"[57][58] for his role as the commander-in-chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, his resignation of command at the end of the war, the presidency of the Constitutional Convention and for his tenure (and voluntary retirement) as the first President of the United States.
خوسيه خيرفاسيو ارتيجاس اوروجواى Padre de la independencia uruguaya, Protector de los Pueblos Libres y Jefe de los orientales[59] Father of Uruguayan independence, Defender of the Free and Chief of the eastern people[60] Fought against the Spanish Royalists for independence in the Río de la Plata.
هو تشى مينه فيتنام Người cha già của dân tộc ابو الشعب Leader of the Viet Minh, who fought for independence from France and decisively defeated them at the bloody Battle of Dien Bien Phu, resulting in the establishment of an independent communist state in North Vietnam in 1954. Vietnam would eventually be united under communist rule after his death with the Fall of Saigon in 1975.
كينيث كاوندا زامبيا Tata ابو الامه First president of Zambia from 1964 to 1991. He founded the Zambian African National Congress (ANC), later becoming the head of the United National Independence Party (UNIP which led to attaining independence.

مصادر[تعديل]

  1. ↑ Ganḍā, Singh (1959). Ahmad Shah Durrani: Father of Modern Afghanistan. Asia Pub. House. p. 457. ISBN 9781402172786. Retrieved 2010-08-25.
  2. ↑ "Ahmad Shah and the Durrani Empire". Library of Congress Country Studies on Afghanistan. 1997. Retrieved 2010-08-25.
  3. ↑ "Aḥmad Shah Durrānī". Aḥmad Shah Durrānī. Encyclopædia Britannica Online Version. 2010. https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/10162/Ahmad-Shah-Durrani. Retrieved 2010-08-25.
  4. ↑ [1] Archived ديسمبر 2, 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  5. ↑ "The death of Jeffrey Thompson". Freeport News. The Nassau Guardian (1844) Ltd. March 20, 2008. Archived from the original on July 21, 2011. Retrieved 2009-01-17. it has been well documented that Sir Lynden Pindling was the leader of the political movement that led to the attainment of majority rule on January 10, 1967, and that he is recognized as the ৭ of the Nation — the man who was the country's leader when The Bahamas obtained its independence from the المملكه المتحده on July 10, 1973.
  6. ↑ "Rt. Hon. George Price". CARICOM.com. CARICOM. March 20, 2008. Archived from the original on January 21, 2010. Retrieved 2009-01-30. Rt. Honourable George Cadle Price, "Father of the Nation" of Belize
  7. ↑ "The Father of the Nation Turns 90". 7 News Belize. January 16, 2009. Retrieved 2009-05-13. Even Prime Minister Dean Barrow calls George Price the father of the nation[permanent dead link]
  8. ↑ Yin, Xiong (2015). 至樂齋詩抄 第二部. p. 181. ISBN 9787516616048.
  9. ↑ Xie, Xuanjun (2017). 少数民族入主中国史略. p. 403. ISBN 9781387255351.
  10. ↑ "Francisco María Oreamuno Badilla". 27 June 2013.
  11. ↑ "Povijest Oca domovine" (in الكرواتية). Croatian Party of Rights Dr. Ante Starčević. Archived from the original on 2010-03-13. Retrieved 2010-05-18.His works are considered to have laid the foundations for Croatian nationalism and he is often referred to as "Father of the Homeland" by Croats.
  12. ↑ Hautrive, Iliana (2004-10-10). "Cuba commemorates the 136 anniversary of the beginning of its wars of independence". Trabajadores. Archived from the original on 2013-02-10. Retrieved 2009-01-16. Cuba commemorates this Sunday the beginning of its wars of independence, the 10 of October of 1868, when the insigne patriotic Carlos Manuel de Cespedes, considered the Father of the Motherland, gave the freedom to his slaves to begin the fight by the liberation of the Nation.
  13. ↑ أ ب ت Roberts, Andrew Lawrence (2005). From Good King Wenceslas to the Good Soldier Švejk: A Dictionary of Czech Popular Culture. Central European University Press. p. 102. ISBN 963-7326-26-X.
  14. ↑ Sayer, Derek; Alena Sayer (2000). The Coasts of Bohemia: A Czech History. Princeton University Press. p. 129. ISBN 0-691-05052-X.
  15. ↑ Preclík, Vratislav. Masaryk a legie (Masaryk and legions), váz. kniha, 219 pages, first issue vydalo nakladatelství Paris Karviná, Žižkova 2379 (734 01 Karvina, Czech Republic) ve spolupráci s Masarykovým demokratickým hnutím (Masaryk Democratic Movement, Prague), 2019, ISBN 978-80-87173-47-3, pages 36 – 39, 41 – 42, 106 – 107, 111–112, 124–125, 128, 129, 132, 140–148, 184–199.
  16. ↑ "Gandhi Jayanti 2021: Inspirational quotes by 'Father of the Nation' Mahatma Gandhi". Firstpost (in الإنجليزية). 2 October 2021. Retrieved 15 October 2021.
  17. ↑ Sarti, Roland (2003). "Giuseppe Mazzini e la tradizione repubblicana". Almanacco della Repubblica: storia d'Italia attraverso le tradizioni, le istituzioni e le simbologie repubblicane (in الإيطالية). Pearson. ISBN 9788842494997.
  18. ↑ Ugolini, Romano. Cento anni del Vittoriano 1911-2011 (in الإيطالية). Gangemi.
  19. ↑ Perfetti, Francesco (2011). "I padri della Patria". Quaderni del Dipartimento di Scienze Politiche Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore. p. 2.
  20. ↑ O'Connor, Kevin (2003). The history of the Baltic States. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 59. ISBN 978-0-313-32355-3.
  21. ↑ "Centenary of Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam". Mauritius Post Museum. Mauritius Post. 2004. Archived from the original on June 25, 2007. Retrieved 2009-01-20. Known as the "Father of the Nation", Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam has throughout his political career from 1940 to 1982 been closely associated with the significant emancipation of the people of Mauritius and has led the struggle for Independence.
  22. ↑ "El Grito, una tradición popular mexicana sin dueño". El Periodico de Mexico (in الإسبانية). 2007-09-15. Retrieved 2009-02-07. Miguel Hidalgo, considerado el "padre de la patria" mexicana
  23. ↑ Vazquez-Gomez, Juana (1997). Dictionary of Mexican Rulers, 1325–1997. Westport, CT, USA: Greenwood Publishing Group, Incorporated. ISBN 978-0-313-30049-3.
  24. ↑ "Genghis Khan". North Georgia College and State University. Archived from the original on March 6, 2010. Retrieved January 26, 2010.
  25. ↑ "Promulgation of Conferment of Status of Founding Father of the Namibian Nation Act, 2005 (Act No. 16 of 2005), of the Parliament" (PDF). Government Gazette (3567). Windhoek: Republic of Namibia. 29 December 2005. Retrieved 2008-01-16. [dead link]
  26. ↑ The Oude and Nieuwe Kerk in Delft
  27. ↑ Ortiz Nuñez, Ramiro. Dirianghen: padre de la patria nicaragüense. Tipografía Brenes, Managua, 1953.
  28. ↑ Bjørn Talen (1987-05-09). "Gratulerer, kjære landsmann!" (in النرويجية). Aftenposten. Archived from the original on 2007-10-13. Retrieved 2007-12-18.
  29. ↑ "Quaid's 60th death anniversary being marked today". The News International. September 11, 2008. Retrieved 2008-11-09. Today the nation marks the 60th Death anniversary of Mohammad Ali Jinnah, known as Quaid-e-Azam, meaning "Great Leader" and Baba-e-Qaum meaning Father of the Nation.[permanent dead link]
  30. ↑ "Father of the Nation : Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah". Government of Pakistan. Archived from the original on 2009-05-03. Retrieved 2008-11-09.
  31. ↑ "Sir Michael Somare, Papua New Guinea's 'Father of the Nation', dies aged 84". the Guardian (in الإنجليزية). 2021-02-26. Retrieved 2021-02-26.
  32. ↑ East, Roger; Richard Thomas (2003). "Papua New Guinea". Profiles of People in Power. Routledge. p. 408. ISBN 1-85743-126-X.
  33. ↑ "Jose Rizal". Retrieved 2014-05-10.
  34. ↑ Anisimov, Evgeniy Viktorovich (1993). The Reforms of Peter the Great: Progress Through Coercion in Russia. translator John T. Alexander. M.E. Sharpe. p. 143. ISBN 1-56324-047-5.
  35. ↑ "Obituary: Sir John Compton". The Daily Telegraph. 10 September 2007. Retrieved 2009-01-17.
  36. ↑ "Saint Marinus". CatholicSaints.Info. 2 September 2017. Retrieved 22 January 2018.
  37. ↑ Zorica Vulić (11 May 2000). "Ko je ovaj čovek?: Dobrica Ćosić" (in الصربية). Glas javnosti.
  38. ↑ Lukić, Svetlana Lukić & Svetlana Vuković (16 March 2007). "Injekcija za Srbe". B92: Peščanik. Archived from the original on 2007-03-27.
  39. ↑ "The Glasgow politician who became 'Father of the Nation'".
  40. ↑ Branko Pešić (1988). Spomen hram Sv. Save na Vračaru u Beogradu: 1895–1988. Sveti arhijerejski sinod Srpske pravoslavne crkve. Отац Отаџбине Св. Сава је надахнуо Немањи- ну државу идеалима хришћанског патриотизма и створио слободну цркву у слободној држави. Држа- ва је Отечество – земља мојих ота- ца. Држава не сме да буде импери- ја, јер где ...
  41. ↑ Durde Jelenić (1923). Nova Srbija i Jugoslavija, 1788–1921. p. 56. ОТАЦ ОТАЏБИНЕ – КАРАЂОРЂЕ ПЕТРОВИЋ
  42. ↑ Milivoj J. Malenić (1901). Posle četrdeset godina: u spomen proslave četrdesetogodišnjice Sv. Andrejske velike narodne skupštine. U Drž. štamp. Kralj. Srbije. да се на престо српски поврати њен ослободилац и оснивалац: Отац Отаџбине, Милош Обреновић Велики,
  43. ↑ Slov-lex. "402/2000 Z.z. – Zákon o zásluhách Milana Rastislava..." Slov-lex (in السلوفاكية). Retrieved 2022-01-03.
  44. ↑ a.s, Petit Press. "Anketu Najväčší Slovák vyhral Milan Rastislav Štefánik". kultura.sme.sk (in السلوفاكية). Retrieved 2022-01-03.
  45. ↑ Omar, Mohamed (2001). The Scramble in the Horn of Africa. p. 402. This letter is sent by all the Dervishes, the Amir, and all the Dolbahanta to the Ruler of Berbera ... We are a Government, we have a Sultan, an Amir, and Chiefs, and subjects ... (reply) In his last letter the Mullah pretends to speak in the name of the Dervishes, their Amir (himself), and the Dolbahanta tribes. This letter shows his object is to establish himself as the Ruler of the Dolbahanta
  46. ↑ "Nelson Mandela International Day, July 18, For Freedom, Justice and Democracy". Un.org. Retrieved 2013-03-22.
  47. ↑ Phadnis, Urmila; Rajat Ganguly (2001). Ethnicity and Nation-building in South Asia (revised ed.). SAGE. p. 181. ISBN 0-7619-9439-4.
  48. ↑ Duval Smith, Alex (20 October 1999). "Tanzania weeps for father of the nation". The Independent. Retrieved 2008-11-08.
  49. ↑ أ ب ت "50th Anniversary of Independence of Trinidad and Tobago".
  50. ↑ "Trinidad and Tobago Parliament". ttparliament.org. Retrieved 2020-12-06.
  51. ↑ "Dr. Eric Williams: The Father of the Nation". Caribbean Life News (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). 2018-02-07. Retrieved 2020-12-06.
  52. ↑ Parla, Taha; Andrew Davison (2004). Corporatist Ideology in Kemalist Turkey: Progress Or Order?. Syracuse arUniversity Press. pp. 37–8. ISBN 0-8156-3054-9.
  53. ↑ "Abu Dhabi's Zayed Mosque tours to take on special Ramadan significance" (Press release). August 20, 2008. Archived from the original on June 7, 2011. Retrieved 2009-01-17. His Highness Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan, the late UAE President and Ruler of Abu Dhabi, a man affectionately known as 'The Father of The Nation' for his work as an architect of the UAE Federation.
  54. ↑ Wheeler, Julia (2 November 2004). "Obituary: Sheikh Zayed". BBC News. BBC. Retrieved 2009-01-17. He was frequently referred to as the father of the nation.
  55. ↑ "America's Founding Fathers". National Archives. Retrieved 2008-02-18.
  56. ↑ Stanfield, Jack. America's Founding Fathers: Who Are They? Thumbnail Sketches of 164 Patriots (Universal-Publishers, 2001).
  57. ↑ أ ب Grizzard (2002, pp. 105–107)
  58. ↑ أ ب Rupert Cornwell, "George Washington: The father of the nation" (January 17, 2009).
  59. ↑ "Efemérides Culturales Argentinas: Junio 19" (in الإسبانية). Ministry of Education, Argentina. 2009. Archived from the original on 2009-06-19. Retrieved 2009-01-20. 1764: Nace en Montevideo (Uruguay) José Gervasio Artigas, iniciador rioplatense del federalismo y padre de la independencia uruguaya. Falleció cerca de Asunción el 23 de septiembre de 1850.
  60. ↑ Edelmann, Alexander Taylor (1965). Latin American Government and Politics: The Dynamics of a Revolutionary Society. Dorsey Press. p. 309. José Gervasio Artigas, who doggedly led his guerrilla bands against the Spanish armies and raised the flag of a free Uruguay, is affectionately remembered by his fellow countrymen as "the father of Uruguayan independence.
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